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Become a Panamanian! Steps and Benefits of having a Panamanian passport and keeping your citizenship
Discover how to obtain citizenship by naturalization and get more than a Panamanian passport.
The Constitution of the Republic of Panama, which governs as the supreme law of the country, dictates in Article 10 the process and criteria for a foreigner to acquire Panamanian nationality. However, what does it mean in practice for those interested in this process? Here we explain it to you.
Who can apply for Panamanian citizenship?
- Foreigners with five years of residency – An individual who has resided maintained permanent residency for five years in Panama, may apply for nationality. This involves declaring their willingness to naturalize, renouncing their original nationality and demonstrating Spanish language skills, as well as having basic knowledge of Panama’s geography, history and political structure.
- Foreigners with Panamanian children or spouse: those foreigners who have lived in Panama for three years and have children born in the country or are married to a Panamanian citizen may also apply for nationality.
- Nationals of Latin countries or Spain: As a gesture of reciprocity, Panama allows the naturalization of citizens born in Latin countries or Spain, as long as they meet the same criteria that Panama requires in those countries for its own citizens.
It is important to consider that the length of residency required may vary depending on the nationality of the applicant. For example, citizens from Colombia and El Salvador require one year, while those from Argentina, Ecuador, Spain, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua and Peru need two years, and those from Uruguay three years.
Essential requirements for naturalization in Panama
To initiate the naturalization process, the following must be submitted:
- Power of attorney to a lawyer.
- Certificate of immigration status.
- Authenticated copies of the permanent resident card and of the resolution of residence.
- Certification of Panamanian identification type E by the Electoral Tribunal.
- Proof of economic solvency, income tax returns and good health.
- Personal documents such as passport and police record, both from Panama and the country of origin.
- And in specific cases, other documents such as marriage certificates, birth certificates or reciprocity laws may be required.
Benefits and considerations about citizenship and Panamanian passport
Although foreigners and Panamanians are considered equal before the law, there are certain restrictions. For example, there are professions and trades reserved exclusively for Panamanian citizens, such as that of lawyer. In addition, working in Panama as a foreigner often involves obtaining work permits that require renewal.
Obtaining Panamanian nationality opens doors: from working in any sector to voting or even aspiring to public office. “Pro Mundi Beneficio”, which translates as “for the benefit of the world”, reflects Panama’s inclusive essence.
Giving up other nationalities?
Although applicants are expected to commit to Panama and symbolically renounce any ties to their country of origin, in many judicial systems, the original nationality remains in effect unless a request for renunciation is officially filed.
In conclusion, becoming a Panamanian national not only provides practical advantages, but is also an opportunity to fully integrate into a vibrant and growing nation. Those considering this step should consult a qualified attorney to ensure a smooth process in line with all applicable regulations.
